Schistosomiasis
Version: November 2025
Introduction
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is a parasitic disease caused by trematode worms of the genus Schistosoma. The disease is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in areas with poor sanitation. Schistosomiasis primarily affects the urinary tract and intestines, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloody urine. Infection occurs through contact with contaminated water, where the larval forms of the parasite penetrate human skin. Chronic schistosomiasis can result in long-term health issues including liver damage, kidney failure, and bladder cancer. Control measures include mass drug administration, improved sanitation, and access to clean water.
Highlights
- Schistosomiasis cases in China have significantly decreased from over 10,000 in late 2015 to single-digit monthly cases by November 2025, marking a remarkable decline in disease prevalence.
- The data shows seasonal spikes in cases during the autumn months of September and October in the early years, which have become negligible in recent years.
- A single death was reported in early 2020, but there have been no deaths attributed to Schistosomiasis since, indicating improved disease management and treatment.
- The sustained low case numbers and absence of fatalities highlight successful control measures and public health interventions operational in the Chinese mainland.
Analysis
Cases Analysis
The data on Schistosomiasis in mainland China from November 2015 to November 2025 shows a marked decline in reported cases, demonstrating effective disease management. Initially, in late 2015, cases peaked at 10,481, but numbers dropped sharply, hitting single or low double digits by 2020. This suggests successful interventions, likely including enhanced healthcare infrastructure, public health awareness, vector control, and targeted treatments.
A seasonal pattern is evident, especially between 2015 and 2017, with case numbers peaking towards the year’s end, then dropping. This implies potential environmental or behavioral factors influencing transmission, which may have shaped preventive measures. By 2017, a decrease in cases is seen, leading to near-zero levels by 2021. Despite a minor increase in early 2022, cases continue low through 2025, showcasing sustained management.
The absence of deaths throughout, except a single case in February 2020, underscores effective treatment and healthcare capacity. This data suggests a template for ongoing public health strategies to maintain Schistosomiasis control. Overall, the pattern indicates both immediate successes in reducing transmission and long-term efficacy in keeping case numbers low, positioning China as a model for Schistosomiasis control efforts. These results are promising for continued disease management and could inform similar interventions elsewhere.
Deaths Analysis
Analyzing schistosomiasis deaths in mainland China reveals noteworthy success in disease management. The dataset covering 2015 to 2025 shows only one recorded death in February 2020, underscoring effective public health and clinical interventions. Despite the disease’s potential for causing chronic health issues, China’s strategies appear robust in diagnosis and treatment. This single mortality event demonstrates a significant achievement amidst varying monthly case numbers.
The absence of deaths despite fluctuating case counts—especially during high-incidence periods between 2015 and 2017—highlights the healthcare system’s capacity to manage schistosomiasis effectively. It suggests that therapeutic protocols and healthcare access have been maintained at high standards, minimizing fatal outcomes even as cases rise and fall. Prevention strategies likely play a central role, supported by extensive monitoring and early intervention to address complications before they become life-threatening.
Overall, China’s success in maintaining zero mortality rates beyond one incident reflects a commendable level of containment and management, akin to near-elimination conditions in terms of disease mortality. This demonstrates how targeted efforts can significantly reduce the death toll of a disease known for its chronic complications, serving as a model for other regions grappling with schistosomiasis. Continued vigilance and adaptation of these strategies are crucial to sustaining progress and preventing future outbreaks.